Uromastyx Care

Uromastyx Care Guide

Basic Information

Uromastyx, or spiny-tailed lizards, are quickly becoming a popular reptile pet due to their more docile nature, unique appearance, and diet. They are initially from the Middle East, North Africa, and South Asia, from more rocky, hot terrain. Uros love the heat and burrow more often, digging to cool themselves down. They can grow from 10 to 20 inches long and come in darker colors. The lifespan of a uromastyx ranges between 15 and 20 years. 

Health

A common issue that uromastyx owners may face is a stuck shed. A stuck shed occurs either when humidity levels drop too low or when the reptile is in poor health, preventing it from naturally shedding. A simple remedy is to mist the hide area to create a more humid environment that encourages the uromastyx to shed. If the stuck shed persists, soaking it in a shallow bin of warm water for 15-30 minutes is recommended. 

Uromastyx needs a calcium and multivitamin supplement in its diet every so often, which can be done by dusting the food regularly consumed. Otherwise, they can develop metabolic bone disease or MBD. This can look like deformed or weakened limbs and a weaker jaw, which can prevent the reptile from being able to eat correctly. Increase calcium and vitamin intake as needed. 

Other various health issues uromastyx may develop are respiratory infections and gastrointestinal issues. It’s crucial to know how active your reptile is and if it’s getting proper hydration. If there seems to be an issue with your uromastyx besides what is listed above, consult an exotic pet vet. 

Enclosures

These reptiles are terrestrial, meaning they spend more time on the ground and low-level objects rather than climbing. Considering that, it’s essential to consider more floor space when choosing an enclosure. Young Uros can be easily housed in a 20-gallon enclosure, while older Uros must be housed in a 40-gallon or higher enclosure, emphasizing floor space. Whatever enclosure you choose must also withstand heat for the uro’s high temperature requirements. For decorations, any type of cork flats, pieces of wood, and rocks are ideal. Be sure to spot clean the enclosure daily and do a deep clean every few months. 

**Uromastyx are territorial, so it is not recommended to house multiples together. If you plan to, note how they get along and upgrade the enclosure size. Uros will not always get along. 

Heating/Lighting

Uromastyx require high temperatures for heating, so a combination of basking bulbs and other heat sources like heat mats or heat tape is recommended. The basking area must be around 110 degrees Fahrenheit, with ambient temperatures between 80 and 100 degrees Fahrenheit. UVB lighting is required for uromastyx during the daytime. At night, the lights may be turned off to simulate nighttime. Use a thermometer with probes to monitor the temperature at both hot and cold ends. 

Substrate

Uromastyx are initially from sandy areas, so choose a more sand-like substrate for substrate options. Any fine sand or sandy soil packed a few inches deep on the bottom of the enclosure is ideal. However, when choosing which sand or sand soil substrate to use, research whether they are safe for consumption. While not common, depending on how you feed your uromastyx, they could ingest some of the substrate, which increases the risk of impactions. Any sand mat or shredded paper towels will also work if you prefer not to go the sand route. Be sure to spot clean the substrate daily and change it every 3 months.  

Humidity

Humidity is not as crucial for this species of reptile. Since they are initially from dry areas, humidity can be kept at around 10-30%. Too much moisture can be disadvantageous to uromastyx. Be sure, however, to provide a burrow area that reaches around 40% humidity for shedding. You can do this by placing a moist paper towel under whatever you use for a hide box. Use a hygrometer to monitor humidity in the enclosure. 

Water

While uromastyx typically get most of their water from their diet, including a shallow water bowl for drinking and soaking is still beneficial. Do not be concerned if they don't touch it at all. Replace water daily. 

Food

Uromastyx are herbivores and will get most of their nutrient and water intake from their food. Fresh leafy vegetables like kale, collard greens, mustard greens, spring mix, and dandelion greens are just a few green options you can feed a uromastyx. It’s important to offer variety to provide a balanced diet for your reptile. You can also spray the food to ensure the uromastyx gets adequate hydration. Young uros should be fed as much as they can eat daily, while adult uros should be fed 4-5 times a week. You may occasionally add a nutritional supplement like calcium and multivitamins for nutritional benefit. Alternatively, bee pollen can also be used. Remove any uneaten food daily. 

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